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CAT3604V 4-Channel Quad-Mode) LED Driver with Open/Short LED Detection
Description
The CAT3604V is a high efficiency Quad-Mode(R) fractional charge pump that can drive up to four LEDs with input supply voltages as low as 2.5 V. An external RSET resistor is used to control the LED channel brightness while channel diagnostics include automatic detection for both short and open LED channel conditions, ensuring the CAT3604V maintains the highest efficiency level in all operating modes. Each operating mode uses a constant high frequency switching scheme which allows the use of small form factor external ceramic capacitors while delivering excellent low noise input supply ripple up to 5.5 volts. The EN input control supports direct PWM dimming and can accommodate dimming frequencies in excess of 10 kHz thereby providing extremely high resolution brightness levels. The device is available in the 16-pad low profile 0.8 mm thin QFN (4 mm x 4 mm).
Features
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TQFN-16 HV4 SUFFIX CASE 510AE
PIN CONNECTIONS
LED1 LED2 LED3 LED4
EN NC NC NC
1
GND GND C2+ C2- C1-
* * * * * * * * * * *
Quad-mode Charge Pump: 1x, 1.33x, 1.5x, 2x Drives up to 4 LEDs at 30 mA Each Pin Compatible with Industry Standard '604 Open/Short LED Automatic Detection Power Efficiency up to 92% High Resolution PWM Dimming Low Noise Supply Ripple in All Modes Soft Start and Current Limiting Short Circuit and Thermal Overload Protection 16-Pad TQFN Package, 4 mm x 4 mm These Devices are Pb-Free, Halogen Free/BFR Free and are RoHS Compliant LCD Display Backlight Cellular Phones Digital Still Cameras Handheld Devices
RSET
(4 x 4 mm) (Top View)
MARKING DIAGRAMS
CDAK AXXX YMCC CDAF AXXX YMCC
Applications
CDAK = CAT3604VHV4-GT2 CDAF = CAT3604VHV4-T2 A = Assembly Location XXX = Last Three Digits of Assembly Lot Number Y = Production Year (Last Digit) M = Production Month (1-9, A, B, C) CC = Country of Origin (Two Digit) Note: Two digit code for country of origin: Thailand = TH Malaysia = MY
* * * *
ORDERING INFORMATION
Device CAT3604VHV4-GT2 (Note 1) CAT3604VHV4-T2 Package TQFN-16 (Pb-Free) TQFN-16 (Pb-Free) Shipping 2,000/ Tape & Reel
1. NiPdAu Plated Finish (RoHS-compliant). For other finishes, please contact factory.
(c) Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2010
VOUT
April, 2010 - Rev. 3
1
Publication Order Number: CAT3604V/D
C1+
VIN
CAT3604V
1 mF 1 mF
2.4 V to 5.5 V
VIN CIN 1 mF
C1+ C1- C2+ C2- VIN VOUT CAT3604V EN RSET LED1 LED2 LED3 LED4
VOUT COUT 1 mF
ON OFF
20 mA
4.02 k
GND
Figure 1. Typical Application Circuit Table 1. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Parameter VIN, LEDx, C1, C2 voltage VOUT voltage EN voltage Storage Temperature Range Junction Temperature Range Lead Temperature Rating 6 7 6 -65 to +160 -40 to +150 300 Unit V V V C C C
Stresses exceeding Maximum Ratings may damage the device. Maximum Ratings are stress ratings only. Functional operation above the Recommended Operating Conditions is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses above the Recommended Operating Conditions may affect device reliability.
Table 2. RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
Parameter VIN Ambient Temperature Range ILED per LED pin Total Output Current LED Forward Voltage Range NOTE: Typical application circuit with external components is shown above. Rating 2.5 to 5.5 -40 to +85 0 to 25 0 to 100 1.3 to 4.3 Unit V _C mA mA V
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Table 3. ELECTRICAL OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS
(over recommended operating conditions unless specified otherwise) VIN = 3.6 V, EN = High, TAMB = 25C. Symbol IQ Quiescent Current Name Conditions 1x mode, no load 1.33x mode, no load 1.5x mode, no load 2x mode, no load VEN = 0 V ILEDAVG / ILEDAVG-NOMINAL (ILED - ILEDAVG) / ILEDAVG RSET = 34.0 kW RSET = 5.23 kW RSET = 2.67 kW 0.58 1x mode 1.33x mode, VIN = 3 V 1.5x mode, VIN = 2.7 V 2x mode, VIN = 2.4 V 1.33x and 2x mode 1.5x mode VOUT < 0.5 V VOUT > 1 V 0.8 1 2 1.5 2.4 15 30 0.6 0.8 5 5 10 1 1.3 50 250 130 400 100 1.3 0.4 150 20 1.6 1.8 2.0 1.3 1.6 0.62 Min Typ 1.0 1.7 2.2 2.4 1 Max Units mA
IQSHDN ILED-ACC ILED-DEV ILED
Shutdown Current LED Current Accuracy LED Channel Matching Programmed LED Current
mA % % mA
VRSET ROUT
RSET Regulated Voltage Output Resistance (open loop)
V W
FOSC ISC_MAX IIN_MAX LEDTH VHYS REN VHI VLO TSD THYS VUVLO
Charge Pump Frequency Output short circuit Current Limit Input Current Limit 1x to 1.33x, 1.33x to 1.5x or 1.5x to 2x Transition Thresholds at any LED pin 1x Mode Transition Hysteresis EN Pin - Internal Pull-down Resistor - Logic High Level - Logic Low Level Thermal Shutdown Thermal Hysteresis Undervoltage lockout (UVLO) threshold
MHz mA mA mV mV kW V V C C V
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CAT3604V
Table 4. A.C. CHARACTERISTICS
(For 2.5 V VIN 5.5 V, over full ambient temperature range -40 to +85C.) Symbol TLED TMD TPWRDWN TLED-ON TLED-OFF Name LED current settling time from shutdown mode Mode transition time Device power down delay LED on settling time LED off settling time Conditions 1x mode, VIN = 4 V 1.33x mode, VIN = 3.5 V Min Typ 40 400 500 0.9 1 120 1.5 Max Units ms ms ms ms ns
Figure 2. CAT3604V Timing Characteristics LED Current Setting
The nominal LED current is set by the external resistor connected between the RSET pin and ground. Table 5 lists standard resistor values for several LED current settings.
Table 5. RESISTOR RSET AND LED CURRENT
LED Current (mA) 2 5 10 15 20 25 30 RSET (kW) 40.0 15.8 7.87 5.23 4.02 3.16 2.67
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CAT3604V
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
(VIN = 3.6 V, IOUT = 80 mA (4 LEDs at 20 mA), CIN = COUT = C1 = C2 = 1 mF, TAMB = 25C unless otherwise specified.) 100 VF = 3.3 V 90 EFFICIENCY (%) 80 70 60 50 40 EFFICIENCY (%) 1x 1.33x 1.5x 80 70 60 50 40 90 1x 1.33x 100 VF = 3.3 V
2x
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
4.2
4.0
3.8
3.6
3.4
3.2
3.0
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 3. Efficiency vs. Input Voltage
4 QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) QUIESCENT CURRENT (mA) VF = 3.3 V 3 4
Figure 4. Efficiency vs. Li-Ion Voltage
3
2x 1.5x
2
2 1.33x 1x 1
1 LEDs Off 0 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0
0 -40
0
40 TEMPERATURE (C)
80
120
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 5. Quiescent Current vs. Input Voltage
10 LED CURRENT VARIATION (%) 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 -10 LED CURRENT VARIATION (%) 8 VF = 3.3 V 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6
Figure 6. Quiescent Current vs. Temperature
VF = 3.3 V
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
-8 -10 -40
0
40 TEMPERATURE (C)
80
120
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 7. LED Current Change vs. Input Voltage
Figure 8. LED Current Change vs. Temperature
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TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
(VIN = 3.6 V, IOUT = 80 mA (4 LEDs at 20 mA), CIN = COUT = C1 = C2 = 1 mF, TAMB = 25C unless otherwise specified.) 1.3 SWITCHING FREQUENCY (MHz) OUTPUT RESISTANCE (W) 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.33x, 2x Mode 0.9 0.8 0.7 -40 1.5x Mode 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 1.33x 1.5x
2x
1x 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5
0
40 TEMPERATURE (C)
80
120
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
Figure 9. Switching Frequency vs. Temperature
4.0 3.5 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 0 100 200 300 400 0 1x Mode LED CURRENT (mA) 30 40
Figure 10. Output Resistance vs. Input Voltage
20
10
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
LED PIN VOLTAGE (mV)
Figure 11. Foldback Current Limit
100
Figure 12. LED Current vs. LED Pin Voltage
LED CURRENT (mA)
10
1
1
10 RSET RESISTANCE (kW)
100
Figure 13. LED Current vs. RSET Resistance
Figure 14. Line Transient Response (3.6 V to 4.9 V)
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CAT3604V
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
(VIN = 3.6 V, IOUT = 80 mA (4 LEDs at 20 mA), CIN = COUT = C1 = C2 = 1 mF, TAMB = 25C unless otherwise specified.)
Figure 15. Operating Waveforms in 1x Mode
Figure 16. Switching Waveforms in 1.33x Mode
Figure 17. Switching Waveforms in 1.5x Mode
Figure 18. Switching Waveforms in 2x Mode
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CAT3604V
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
(VIN = 3.6 V, IOUT = 80 mA (4 LEDs at 20 mA), CIN = COUT = C1 = C2 = 1 mF, TAMB = 25C unless otherwise specified.)
Figure 19. Cold Power Up in 1x Mode
Figure 20. Cold Power Up in 1.33x Mode
Figure 21. Cold Power Up in 1.5x Mode
Figure 22. Cold Power Up in 2x Mode
Figure 23. Cold Power Up (1x Mode)
Figure 24. Power Down (1x Mode)
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CAT3604V
Table 6. PIN DESCRIPTION
Pin # 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 TAB Name EN NC NC NC RSET VOUT VIN C1+ C1- C2- C2+ GND LED4 LED3 LED2 LED1 GND Device enable (active high). Not connected inside the package. Not connected inside the package. Not connected inside the package. Connect resistor RSET to set the LED current. Charge pump output connected to the LED anodes. Charge pump input, connect to battery or supply. Bucket capacitor 1 Positive terminal Bucket capacitor 1 Negative terminal Bucket capacitor 2 Negative terminal Bucket capacitor 2 Positive terminal Ground Reference LED4 cathode terminal. LED3 cathode terminal. LED2 cathode terminal. LED1 cathode terminal. Connect to GND on the PCB. Function
Pin Function VIN is the supply pin for the charge pump. A small 1 mF ceramic bypass capacitor is required between the VIN pin and ground near the device. The operating input voltage range is from 2.5 V to 5.5 V. Whenever the input supply falls below the under-voltage threshold (1.8 V), all the LED channels are disabled and the device enters shutdown mode. EN is the enable input and the high resolution PWM dimming control. Levels of logic high and logic low are set at 1.3 V and 0.4 V respectively. When EN is initially taken high, the device becomes enabled and all LED currents are set according to the RSET resistor. To place the device into "zero current" shutdown mode, the EN pin must be held low for at least 1.5 ms. VOUT is the charge pump output that is connected to the LED anodes. A small 1 mF ceramic bypass capacitor is required between the VOUT pin and ground near the device. GND is the ground reference for the charge pump. The pin must be connected to the ground plane on the PCB.
C1+, C1- are connected to each side of the ceramic bucket capacitor C1. C2+, C2- are connected to each side of the ceramic bucket capacitor C2. LED1 to LED4 provide the internal regulated current source for each of the LED cathodes. These pins enter high-impedance zero current state whenever the device is placed in shutdown mode. If an LED pin is directly tied to VOUT, that channel is disabled. TAB is the exposed pad underneath the package. For best thermal performance, the tab should be soldered to the PCB and connected to the ground plane. RSET is connected to the resistor (RSET) to set the current for the LEDs. The voltage at this pin regulated to 0.6 V. The ground side of the external resistor should be star connected back to the GND of the PCB. In shutdown mode, RSET becomes high impedance.
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CAT3604V
Block Diagram
C1- C1+ C2- C2+
VIN
VIN
1x mode (LDO) 1.33x, 1.5x, 2x Charge Pump
VOUT
Mode Control 1, 1.3 MHz Oscillator EN Reference Voltage RSET LED1 LED2 LED3 LED4
Current Setting
LED Channel Current Regulators
GND
Figure 25. CAT3604V Functional Block Diagram
Basic Operation At power-up, the CAT3604V starts operating in 1x mode where the output will be approximately equal to the input supply voltage (less any internal voltage losses). If the output voltage is sufficient to regulate all LED currents, the device remains in 1x operating mode. If the input voltage is insufficient or falls to a level where the regulated currents cannot be maintained, the device automatically switches into 1.33x mode (after a fixed delay time of about 400 ms). In 1.33x mode, the output voltage is approximately equal to 1.33 times the input supply voltage (less any internal voltage losses). This sequence repeats in the 1.33x and 1.5x mode until the driver enters the 2x mode. In 1.5x mode, the output voltage is approximately equal to 1.5 times the input supply voltage. While in 2x mode, the output is approximately equal to 2 times the input supply voltage. If the device detects a sufficient input voltage is present to drive all LED currents in 1x mode, it will change automatically back to 1x mode. This only applies for changing back to the 1x mode. The difference between the input voltage when exiting 1x mode and returning to 1x mode is called the 1x mode transition hysteresis (VHYS) and is about 500 mV
LED Current Selection
The EN pin enables and disables the device. The LED driver enters a "zero current" shutdown mode if EN is held low for 1.5 ms or more. As soon as the EN input goes low, all LED channels are instantly disabled, where the LED current is set to zero. As long as the CAT3604V is not in shutdown mode, the LEDs turn on as soon as the EN goes high.
Unused LED Channels
For applications not requiring all the channels, it is recommended to connect the unused LED pins directly to VOUT (see Figure 26).
1 mF C1+ VIN 1 mF
VIN CIN 1 mF ON OFF RSET
C1- C2+ C2- VOUT CAT3604V COUT LED1 LED2 LED3 LED4 1 mF
EN RSET GND
The LED current is set to by the external resistor RSET as follows:
LED current + 132 0.6 V R SET
Figure 26. Application with 3 LEDs Protection Mode
If an LED is disconnected, the device senses that, run the diagnostics, then ignores that channel and goes back to the most effective mode. When all LEDs are disconnected, the
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CAT3604V
device runs diagnostics and goes to 1x mode where the output is basically equal to the input voltage. As soon as the output exceeds about 6 V, the driver resets itself and reevaluate the mode. If the die temperature reaches +150C, the device enters a thermal protection shutdown mode. When the device temperature drops to about +130C, the device resumes normal operation.
LED Selection
LEDs with forward voltages (VF) ranging from 1.3 V to 4.3 V may be used. Selecting LEDs with lower VF is recommended in order to extend battery life and keep the driver in 1x mode longer as the battery voltage decreases. For example, if a 3.3 V VF LED is selected instead of a 3.5 V VF LED, the driver will stay in 1x mode for a lower supply voltage of 0.2 V.
External Components
OUTPUT CURRENT (%)
The driver requires four external 1 mF ceramic capacitors for decoupling input, output, and for the charge pump. Both capacitors type X5R and X7R are recommended for the LED driver application. In all charge pump modes, the input current ripple is kept very low by design and an input bypass capacitor of 1 mF is sufficient. In 1x mode, the device operates in linear mode and does not introduce switching noise back onto the supply.
Recommended Layout
PWM Dimming The EN pin is used to provide total Shutdown of the device as well as High Resolution PWM dimming control on the LED Channels. Shutdown of the device occurs after the EN pin has been held low for 1.5 ms. During the "soft-start" power-up sequence from the shutdown mode, the LED current typically settles within 40 ms (for 1X mode operation). This LED current settling time becomes 400 ms if 1.33X operation is needed (i.e low battery voltage). For High Resolution PWM dimming control (typically frequencies at 2 kHz or above), the device will remain powered and only the LED channels output will be switched on and off during the PWM (the rest of the device will remain powered-up). This allows the output channels to have "instant-on" response, where the LED current settles within 1 ms of the applied PWM dimming signals. This "instant-on" modes makes the device suitable for extremely high frequency PWM dimming schemes. Figure 28 shows the output current for PWM frequencies up to 100 kHz and with duty cycles of 30% and 70%.
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0.1 30% DC 1 10 100 70% DC
In charge pump mode, the driver switches internally at a high frequency. It is recommended to minimize trace length to all four capacitors. A ground plane should cover the area under the driver IC as well as the bypass capacitors. Short connection to ground on capacitors CIN and COUT can be implemented with the use of multiple via. A copper area matching the TQFN exposed pad (TAB) must be connected to the ground plane underneath. The use of multiple via improves the package heat dissipation.
PWM FREQUENCY (kHz)
Figure 28. Output Current vs. PWM Frequency
For best performance, the duty cycle off-time TOFF should meet the following timing limits: * for slow frequency 600 Hz, TOFF 800 ms * for fast frequency 1 kHz, TOFF 400 ms
Figure 27. PCB Layout
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CAT3604V
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
(VIN = 3.6 V, IOUT = 80 mA (4 LEDs at 20 mA), CIN = COUT = C1 = C2 = 1 mF, TAMB = 25C unless otherwise specified.)
Figure 29. 10 kHz PWM Waveform (1x Mode)
100 80 DIMMING (%) 60 40 20 0
Figure 30. 10 kHz PWM Waveform (1.33x Mode)
1x Mode VIN = 4 V 1.33x Mode VIN = 3.5 V
0
20
40
60
80
100
DUTY CYCLE (%)
Figure 31. 300 Hz PWM Waveform (1x Mode)
100 80 DIMMING (%) DIMMING (%) 60 40 20 0 1x Mode VIN = 4 V 1.33x Mode VIN = 3.5 V 100 80 60 40 20 0
Figure 32. Dimming Linearity, PWM at 200 Hz
1x Mode VIN = 4 V 1.33x Mode VIN = 3.5 V
0
20
40
60
80
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
DUTY CYCLE (%)
DUTY CYCLE (%)
Figure 33. Dimming Linearity, PWM at 500 Hz
Figure 34. Dimming Linearity, PWM at 30 kHz
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CAT3604V
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
TQFN16, 4x4 CASE 510AE-01 ISSUE A
D A DETAIL A
E
E2
PIN#1 ID D2 BOTTOM VIEW
PIN#1 INDEX AREA TOP VIEW
A1 SIDE VIEW
SYMBOL A A1 A3 b D D2 E E2 e L
MIN 0.70 0.00 0.25 3.90 2.00 3.90 2.00 0.45
NOM 0.75 0.02 0.20 REF 0.30 4.00 --- 4.00 --- 0.65 BSC ---
MAX 0.80 0.05 0.35 4.10 2.25 4.10 2.25 0.65 A L DETAIL A b e
Notes: (1) All dimensions are in millimeters. (2) Complies with JEDEC MO-220.
A1 FRONT VIEW
A3
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CAT3604V
Example of Ordering Information (Note 4)
Prefix CAT Device # 3604V Suffix HV4 -G T2
Company ID (Optional)
Product Number 3604V
Package HV4: TQFN
Lead Finish G: NiPdAu Blank: Matte-Tin
Tape & Reel (Note 6) T: Tape & Reel 2: 2,000 / Reel
2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
All packages are RoHS-compliant (Lead-free, Halogen-free). The standard lead finish is NiPdAu. The device used in the above example is a CAT3604VHV4-GT2 (TQFN, NiPdAu Plated Finish, Tape & Reel, 2,000/Reel). For additional package and temperature options, please contact your nearest ON Semiconductor Sales office. For information on tape and reel specifications, including part orientation and tape sizes, please refer to our Tape and Reel Packaging Specifications Brochure, BRD8011/D.
Quad-Mode is a registered trademark of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC.
ON Semiconductor and are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC). SCILLC reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. SCILLC makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does SCILLC assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation special, consequential or incidental damages. "Typical" parameters which may be provided in SCILLC data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including "Typicals" must be validated for each customer application by customer's technical experts. SCILLC does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. SCILLC products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the SCILLC product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use SCILLC products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold SCILLC and its officers, employees, subsidiaries, affiliates, and distributors harmless against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, and reasonable attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use, even if such claim alleges that SCILLC was negligent regarding the design or manufacture of the part. SCILLC is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer. This literature is subject to all applicable copyright laws and is not for resale in any manner.
PUBLICATION ORDERING INFORMATION
LITERATURE FULFILLMENT: Literature Distribution Center for ON Semiconductor P.O. Box 5163, Denver, Colorado 80217 USA Phone: 303-675-2175 or 800-344-3860 Toll Free USA/Canada Fax: 303-675-2176 or 800-344-3867 Toll Free USA/Canada Email: orderlit@onsemi.com N. American Technical Support: 800-282-9855 Toll Free USA/Canada Europe, Middle East and Africa Technical Support: Phone: 421 33 790 2910 Japan Customer Focus Center Phone: 81-3-5773-3850 ON Semiconductor Website: www.onsemi.com Order Literature: http://www.onsemi.com/orderlit For additional information, please contact your local Sales Representative
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CAT3604V/D

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